P0502
P0481 Cooling Fan Relay B Fan Control Circuit Fault (with A/C)
Circuit Description
Vehicle speed information is provided to the powertrain control module (PCM)/engine control module (ECM) by the Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS). The VSS is a permanent magnet generator that is mounted in the transaxle and produces a pulsing voltage whenever vehicle speed is over 3 mph (5 kph). The A/C voltage level and the number of pulses increases with vehicle speed. The PCM/ECM converts the pulsing voltage into mph (kph) and than supplies the necessary signal to the instrument panel for speedometer/odometer operation and to the cruise control module and multi-function alarm module operation. This Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) will detect if vehicle speed is reasonable according to engine rpm and load.
Conditions for Setting the DTC
- DTC(s) P0106, P0107, P0108, P0117, P0118, P0121, P0122, P0123, P0201, P0202, P0203, P0204, P0300, P0351, P0352, P0402, P0404, P1404, P0405, P0406, and P1627 will not set.
- Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) is greater than -40 °F (-40 °C).
- Ignition voltage is between 11 volts and 16 volts.
- Power Test:
- Indicated Vehicle speed is less than 5 mph (8 kph).
- Altitude compensated MAP is greater than 60 kPa.
- The TP Sensor is between 25% and 60%.
- Engine speed is between 2700 rpm and 6000 rpm.
- Decel Test:
- Indicated Vehicle speed is less than 5 mph.
- Altitude compensated MAP is less than 30 kPa.
- The TP Sensor is less than 0.39%.
- The change in RPM is less than 90 per cycle.
- Engine speed is between 1200 rpm and 6000 rpm.
- P/N Switch is OFF.
Action Taken When the DTC Sets
- The Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL) will illuminate.
- The PCM/ECM will record operating conditions at the time the diagnostic fails. This information will be stored in the Freeze Frame and Failure Records buffers.
- A history DTC is stored.
Conditions for Clearing the MIL/DTC
- The MIL will turn off after three consecutive ignition cycles in which the diagnostic runs without a fault.
- A history DTC will clear after 40 consecutive warm-up cycles without a fault.
- DTC(s) can be cleared by using the scan tool.
Diagnostic Aids
An intermittent problem may be caused by a poor connection, rubbed-through wire insulation, or a wire that is broken inside the insulation.
VSS signal circuit should be thoroughly checked for the following conditions:
- Backed-out terminals
- Improper mating
- Broken locks
- Improperly formed
- Damaged terminals
- Poor terminal-to-wire connection
- Physical damage to the wiring harness
Ensure the VSS is correctly torqued to the transmission housing.
Refer to "Intermittent".
Step 1 - 3:
Step 4 - 13:
Test Description
Number(s) below refer to the step number(s) on the Diagnostic Table.
1. The On-Board Diagnostic (OBD II) System Check prompts the technician to complete some basic checks and store the freeze frame and failure records data on the scan tool if applicable. This creates an electronic copy of the data taken when the malfunction occurred. The information is then stored on the scan tool for later reference.
2. The permanent magnet generator only produces a signal if the drive wheels are turning greater than 5 mph (8 kph). This step determines if DTC P0502 is the result of a hard failure or an intermittent condition.
3. Proper engine loads cannot be achieved in a shop environment to properly run the vehicle within the Freeze Frame Data conditions. It will be necessary to drive the vehicle on the road to obtain the proper engine loads.
4. This step verifies that the PCM/ECM is receiving a signal from the vehicle speed sensor.
5. Refer to service bulletin information for the latest calibration update.
6. Refer to the latest Techline information for programming procedures.
8. A resistance reading that is higher than the specified value indicates that the VSS circuitry is open.
10. If the displayed resistance is less than the 1300 Ohms, the VSS high and low circuits are shorted together.
11. This checks the resistance of the VSS if no opens or shorts were found on the VSS high and low circuits.
13. The replacement PCM/ECM must be reprogrammed. Refer to the latest Techline procedure for PCM/ECM reprogramming.