Brakes and Traction Control: Description and Operation

Fig. 1 System Components & Locations.:

The Anti-Lock Brake System (ABS) prevents the wheels from locking up when braking, regardless of the surface conditions. This allows the car to stop in a shorter distance, and allows the driver to maintain directional control of the vehicle during heavy braking.
During normal braking conditions, the ABS operates like a conventional system. During heavy braking, however, each wheels braking pressure is modulated according to its speed. To maintain vehicle stability, both rear wheels receive the same signal. There are four major components, Fig. 1, in the ABS which act in unison to control brake operation.