Engine: Testing and Inspection
ENGINEINSPECTION
1. INSPECT COOLANT
2. INSPECT ENGINE OIL
3. INSPECT BATTERY
Standard specific gravity: 1.25 to 1.29 at 20°C (68°F)
4. INSPECT AIR CLEANER FILTER ELEMENT SUB-ASSEMBLY
5. INSPECT SPARK PLUG
6. INSPECT V-RIBBED BELT
a. Belt deflection:
Pressing force: 98 N (10 kgf, 22 lbs.)
b. Tension
NOTICE:
^ Check the drive belt deflection at the specified point.
^ When installing a new belt, set its tension value as specified.
^ When inspecting a belt which is used for over 5 minutes, apply the specification of "Used belt".
^ When reinstalling a belt which is used for over 5 minutes, adjust its belt deflection and tension to the medium value in each specification of "Used belt".
^ V-ribbed belt tension and deflection value should be checked after 2 revolutions of engine cranking.
^ When using a belt tension gauge, confirm the accuracy first by using a master gauge.
7. INSPECT IGNITION TIMING
a. Warm up engine.
b. When using hand-held tester or OBD II scan tool:
1. Connect the hand-held tester or OBD II scan tool to the DLC3.
2. Enter DATA LIST MODE on the hand-held tester or OBD II scan tool.
Ignition timing: 8 to 12° BTDC
HINT: Please refer to the hand-held tester or OBD II scan tool operator's manual if you need help to select DATA LIST.
c. When not using hand-held tester or OBD II scan tool:
1. Using SST, connect terminals 13 (TC) and 4 (CG) of DLC3.
SST 09843-18040
NOTICE:
^ Make sure of the terminal numbers before connecting them. Connection with a wrong terminal can damage the engine.
^ Turn OFF all electrical systems before connecting the terminals.
^ Perform this inspection after the cooling fan motor is turned OFF.
2. Remove the V-bank cover.
3. Pull out the black-colored wire harness as shown in the illustration.
4. Connect the tester terminal of the timing light to the engine.
NOTICE: Use a timing light which detects the first signal.
5. Inspect ignition timing at idle.
Ignition timing: 8 to 12° BTDC
NOTICE: When checking the ignition timing, the transmission is in the neutral position.
HINT: Run the engine at 1,000 to 1,300 rpm for 5 seconds, check that the engine rpm returns idle speed.
6. Disconnect terminals 13 (TC) and 4 (CG) of the DLC3.
7. Inspect ignition timing at idle.
Ignition timing: 7 to 24° BTDC
8. Confirm that the ignition timing advances when the engine rpm is increased.
9. Remove the timing light.
8. INSPECT ENGINE IDLE SPEED
a. Warm up the engine.
b. Connect the hand-held tester or OBD II scan tool to the DLC3.
c. Enter DATA LIST MODE on the hand-held tester or OBD II scan tool.
Idle speed: 650 to 750 rpm.
NOTICE:
^ When checking the idle speed, the transmission is in the neutral position.
^ Check the idle speed with the cooling fan OFF.
^ Switch off all accessories and air conditioning before connecting the hand-held tester or OBD II scan tool.
HINT: Please refer to the hand-held tester or OBD II scan tool operator's manual for further details.
9. INSPECT COMPRESSION
a. Warm up and stop the engine.
b. Disconnect the injector connectors.
c. Remove the intake air surge tank.
d. Remove the ignition coil.
e. Remove the spark plugs.
f. Inspect cylinder compression pressure.
SST 09992-00500
1. Insert a compression gauge into the spark plug hole.
2. Fully open the throttle.
3. While cranking the engine, measure the compression pressure.
Compression pressure: 1.5 MPa (15.3 kgf/cm2, 218 psi)
Minimum pressure: 1.0 MPa (10.2 kgf/cm2, 145 psi)
Difference between each cylinder: 100 kPa (1.0 kgf/cm2, 15 psi)
NOTICE:
^ Always use a fully charged battery to obtain engine speed of 250 rpm or more.
^ Check other cylinder's compression pressure in the same way.
^ This measurement must be done in as short a time as possible.
4. If the cylinder compression is low, pour a small amount of engine oil into the cylinder through the spark plug hole and inspect again.
HINT:
^ If adding oil increases the compression, the piston rings and/or cylinder bore may be worn or damaged.
^ If pressure stays low, a valve may be sticking or seating improperly, or there may be leakage past the gasket.
10. INSPECT CO/HC
a. Start the engine.
b. Run the engine at 2,500 rpm for approximately 180 seconds.
c. Insert CO/HC meter testing probe at least 40 cm (1.3 ft) into the tailpipe during idling.
d. Check CO/HC concentration at idle and/or 2,500 rpm.
HINT: When doing the 2 mode (with the engine is in the idle and 2,500 rpm) test, these measuring order are prescribed by the applicable local regulations.
If the CO/HC concentration does not comply with regulations, troubleshoot in the order given.
1. Check heated oxygen sensor operation.
2. See the table for possible causes, and then inspect and repair the applicable causes if necessary.