Electric Motors

Electric Motors

All electric motors consist of a fixed stator and a rotor that rotates inside the stator. The rotary movement of the rotor is generated by the reciprocal action between the magnetic fields on the rotor and stator, which combine to produce a torque. Coils are integrated in either the stator, rotor or both components, depending on the motor type. In the illustration, the magnetic field around the rotor is generated by a permanent magnet, for example, which makes the design of the overall system much simpler.







The following motor characteristics change depending on the circuit and design of the coils in the stator and rotor:
- Direct-current, alternating-current or three-phase motor
- Starting current
- Load behavior
- Rotational direction control and speed control

Not every electric motor can be operated as a generator. If it is wished to avoid installation of two components in the vehicle (electric motor and generator), the number of motor types that can be used in hybrid vehicles is restricted considerably.