Operation CHARM: Car repair manuals for everyone.

General Information








This engine is a water-cooled, 4-cylinder in-line engine with 16 valves, twin overhead camshafts and twin balance shafts incorporated in the sides of the block. It is equipped with fuel injection and is of the cross-flow type, with the inlet valves on one side and the exhaust valves on the other. The engine is mounted transversely and is inclined forward at an angle of 20°.





The swept volume of helps to produce high torque even at low engine speeds, which is of particular benefit in normal driving conditions.





The balance shafts are designed to overcome vibrations and forces generated by the moving parts of the engine, and hence to reduce the level of engine noise.