WHIPS (Whiplash Protection System)

WHIPS (whiplash protection system)





WHIPS (whiplash protection system) seats
The purpose of WHIPS (whiplash protection system) is to reduce the risk of whiplash in the event of a collision from the rear. The system is optimized for low speed collisions. Most whiplash injuries occur in collisions at a speed of 10-20 km/h.
WHIPS (whiplash protection system) seats have a standard folding function of the type used for passenger seats in earlier models. However the mechanism has changed. Both channels now contain a WHIPS activation mechanism for the backrest (pendular function with a damper deformation element).
The mechanism consists of the following components:
- Mounting plate for the backrest
- Heart shaped plate with window (position 23 in illustration 7)
- Link (25)
- Deformation element (24)
- Mounting plates for seat (23)
- Indicator pin (26)
- Damper spring.
WHIPS seats are standard for both the front seats.
In comparison to previous seats, WHIPS seats have a stiffer back. The dimension of the lower pipe has been increased while the upper section of the back now forms a closed member. The springs for the backrest back pad are equipped with extension limiters (22)
In order to protect the occupants' heads during a collision, the head restraint is now positioned further forward. The distance between the head restraint struts has also been reduced.
The deployment mechanism begins to operate in the event of a collision speed of approximately 14 to 18 km/h, depending on the weight of the occupant (the collision speed at which the indicator pin shears off).




In the event of a collision from the rear, the seat moves forward, thereby pressing the backrest against the occupant. The system then activates, going through two clearly defined phases.

Illustration A
At activation the seat back moves first mainly backward in upright position, whereby the body is secured in a balanced way. The distance of this parallel movement is approximately 50 mm. At activation, the indicator pin (26) shears off.

Illustration B
Instead of the occupant now being thrown forward, as in a traditional seat, the backrest now begins to angle backwards (up to 15 degrees). This is achieved using a deformation element (a link with set deformation qualities, position 24 in illustration 8) which collapses and therefore gently brakes movement (absorbs energy during the crash sequence). The compression limited springs distributes force evenly throughout the entire spine to avoid pressure points which often previously resulted in S-curvatures to the spine.
Because lesser collisions from the rear may also activate the system, a repair kit has been produced. The WHIPS repair kit consists of:
- Deformation elements (x 2)
- Indicator pins (x 2)
- Return springs (x 2)
- Link washer (x 2)
- Pivot bushing (x 2)
- Pivot shaft with nut (x 2)
- Notched washer.