Operation CHARM: Car repair manuals for everyone.
Home >> Jaguar >> 2011 >> XK (X150) V8-5.0L >> Repair and Diagnosis >> Instrument Panel, Gauges and Warning Indicators >> Instrument Cluster / Carrier >> Description and Operation

Instrument Cluster / Carrier: Description and Operation





Instrument Cluster

COMPONENT LOCATION









INTRODUCTION
The instrument cluster is located in the instrument panel, above the steering column. The instrument cluster comprises analogue gages, a LCD (liquid crystal display) message center to provide vehicle operation details to the driver and a number of indicator lamps to display system status.
The message center is a LCD (liquid crystal display) located in a central position in the instrument cluster. For additional information, refer to Information and Message Center Description and Operation
The instrument cluster also functions as an intelligent controller for a number of other vehicle systems, for example column adjust positions, steering column multifunction switch inputs, steering Servotronic control.
The instrument cluster is the gateway for the high speed and medium speed CAN (controller area network) buses, and is also connected to the LIN (local interconnect network) bus to the start control unit and the steering wheel audio module.

ANALOGUE GAGES

Speedometer
The speedometer is located on the LH (left-hand) side of the cluster and is available in three market variants:
- Major scale mph, minor scale km/h
- Major scale km/h, minor scale mph
- Major scale only in km/h.
The speedometer is driven by high speed CAN (controller area network) signals transmitted by the ABS (anti-lock brake system) module. The wheel speeds are measured by sensors reading the rotational speed of the rear wheels from toothed targets on the hubs. An average of the two wheel speeds are passed from the sensors to the ABS (anti-lock brake system) module in the form of pulsed signals. The ABS (anti-lock brake system) module converts these signals into a speed output on the high speed CAN (controller area network) to the instrument cluster.
The same speed outputs from the wheel speed sensors are also used to calculate the distance the vehicle has traveled.

Tachometer
The tachometer is located on the RH (right-hand) side of the instrument cluster and displays engine speeds up to 8000 rev/min.
The tachometer is driven by an engine speed signal transmitted on the high speed CAN (controller area network) from the ECM (engine control module). The signal is derived from the CKP (crankshaft position) sensor. The signal is received by the instrument cluster microprocessor and the output from the microprocessor drives the tachometer.

LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY
In the area above and below the message center is a LCD (liquid crystal display). The area below the message center displays a linear fuel gage, odometer, trip distance and trip computer readouts. The area above the message center displays the transmission gear position information and speed control related information.

NOTE:
There is no engine coolant temperature gage displayed. If the engine coolant temperature increases to above a predetermined threshold, a warning message is displayed in the message center. The message is sent from the ECM (engine control module) in a high speed CAN (controller area network) message to the instrument cluster.
A warning message is also displayed in the message center if the coolant in the expansion tank falls below a given level. The instrument cluster is hardwired to a level switch in the expansion tank with feed and return connections. If the switch opens the instrument cluster detects the low coolant level and displays the applicable message.


Fuel Gage
The linear fuel gage has a colored bar which moves left or right depending on the tank contents. As the bar moves to the left the fuel tank contents displayed is decreasing. A warning message is displayed in the message center when the fuel tank contents fall to below the reserve level.
The fuel gage is controlled by CAN (controller area network) messages from the AJB (auxiliary junction box). The AJB (auxiliary junction box) reads the values output by the fuel level sensors every 131 ms and transmits a fuel tank contents value, corrected for battery voltage, in a CAN (controller area network) message to the instrument cluster.
A fuel pump symbol is displayed to the left of the linear gage. An arrow above the symbol shows the driver on which side of the vehicle the fuel filler cap is located.
Above the linear fuel gage, is a LCD (liquid crystal display) area which displays odometer and trip readouts. When a trip computer function is selected, these are replaced by a trip computer display for the trip function selected.

Transmission Gear Position Display
The transmission gear position display shows the JaguarDrive selector position or, when operating the transmission in the sequential shift mode, the selected gear.
The JaguarDrive selector module transmits a CAN (controller area network) message to the instrument cluster for JaguarDrive selector position. The module also outputs a 'not in park' signal to the instrument cluster.
The TCM (transmission control module) transmits a high speed CAN (controller area network) message to the instrument cluster with data containing the selected gear when in sequential shift mode.

WARNING INDICATORS









The warning indicators are located in various positions in the instrument cluster. The indicators can be split into two groups; instrument cluster controlled and externally controlled.
Instrument cluster controlled warning indicators are dependant on software logic within the instrument cluster for activation. The cluster software controls the indicator illumination check at ignition on.
Externally controlled indicators are supplied with current from another vehicle system control module or illuminated by the instrument cluster software on receipt of a bus message from another vehicle system. The indicator illumination check at ignition on is also controlled by the other system module on these indicators.

CONTROL DIAGRAM

NOTE:
A = Hardwired; D = High speed CAN (controller area network) bus; N = Medium speed CAN (controller area network) bus; O = LIN (local interconnect network) bus









PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION

Warning Indicator Functionality









The functionality for each of the above warning indicators is described in the following section.

1. and 2. Turn Signal Warning Indicators
The turn signal indicators are controlled by the AJB (auxiliary junction box) on receipt of medium speed CAN (controller area network) signals from the instrument cluster.
The instrument cluster outputs a voltage to the turn signal indicator switch. The switch contains resistors of different values. When the switch is operated in either the LH (left-hand) or RH (right-hand) direction, the voltage is passed to a ground connection in the instrument cluster which detects the reduced voltage supplied via the resistors. When the turn signal indicator switch is operated in the LH (left-hand) or RH (right-hand) direction, the instrument cluster detects the ground voltage and determines whether a LH (left-hand) or RH (right-hand) selection is made.
The instrument cluster transmits a medium speed CAN (controller area network) message to the AJB (auxiliary junction box) for operation of the applicable turn signal indicators. The message can contain a number of states for each possible switch position and also an out of range low and high state for circuit faults and an initial value for the switch neutral position. The turn signal indicators are not subject to the 3 seconds indicator check when the ignition is switched on.
The AJB (auxiliary junction box) software controls the flash rate of the turn signal warning indicators by sending on and off signals to the instrument cluster, which flashes the applicable indicator in a green color. During normal operation, the warning indicator flashes slowly, accompanied simultaneously by a sound from the instrument cluster sounder. If a fault exists, the AJB (auxiliary junction box) transmits a message to the instrument cluster which responds by flashing the warning indicator and operating the sounder at double speed to indicate a bulb failure and also displays an appropriate message and vehicle graphic in the message center.
The hazard warning indicators are controlled by the AJB (auxiliary junction box) on receipt of a completed ground path from the hazard warning indicator switch. The AJB (auxiliary junction box) outputs a medium speed CAN (controller area network) message to the instrument cluster which operates both the LH (left-hand) and RH (right-hand) turn signal indicators simultaneously. The hazard warning indicators can operate with the ignition switched off, therefore the CAN (controller area network) message from the AJB (auxiliary junction box) will also carry a 'wake-up' message for the instrument cluster.

3. Brake Warning Indicator
This warning indicator is displayed in a red or amber color (depending on market) as a brake symbol in all markets except USA, which has the word BRAKE in addition to the symbol. The indicator is controlled either by a hardwired input from the brake fluid level switch or by high speed CAN (controller area network) messages from the ABS (anti-lock brake system) module and the EPB (electronic parking brake) module. The indicator is illuminated in a red color for a 3 seconds indicator check when the ignition is switched on.
The instrument cluster is hardwired to the level switch in the brake fluid reservoir with feed and return connections. If the brake fluid level falls below a given level, the switch opens and the instrument cluster detects the low fluid level condition. The instrument cluster then illuminates the warning indicator and displays the message BRAKE FLUID LOW in the message center. The warning indicator can also be illuminated by the ABS (anti-lock brake system) module if an EBD (electronic brake force distribution) fault is detected.

NOTE:
If both the brake warning indicator and the ABS (anti-lock brake system) warning indicator illuminate simultaneously, a major fault in the brake system has occurred.
The warning indicator also displays parking brake status. When the parking brake is applied, the warning indicator will be illuminated by the instrument cluster and, if the vehicle is moving, the message PARK BRAKE APPLIED will be also displayed in the message center in response to a CAN (controller area network) message from the EPB (electronic parking brake) module.
If a condition exists where the parking brake cannot be applied, the EPB (electronic parking brake) module issues a CAN (controller area network) message to the instrument cluster which illuminates or flashes (depending on market) the warning lamp and is accompanied with the message CANNOT APPLY PARK BRAKE. If a fault occurs in the parking brake system, the EPB (electronic parking brake) module issues a CAN (controller area network) message to the instrument cluster which illuminates the warning indicator and displays the message PARK BRAKE FAULT in the message center.

4. Forward Alert Warning Indicator
The forward alert system uses the components of the adaptive speed control system to alert the driver of the presence of a vehicle ahead. The system can be turned on and off using a switch located in the auxiliary switch panel when the adaptive speed control system is off. The indicator is illuminated in an amber color for a 3 seconds indicator check when the ignition is switched on.
The forward alert system is controlled by the adaptive speed control module. When the switch is pressed, the forward alert system is activated and the adaptive speed control module issues a forward alert active message on the high speed CAN (controller area network) bus to the instrument cluster. The forward alert icon in the instrument cluster will illuminate in an amber color and a 'FORWARD ALERT' message will be displayed in the message center. When the button is pressed a second time, the module issues a forward alert off CAN (controller area network) message. The forward alert system will be deactivated, the forward alert icon will go off and a message 'FORWARD ALERT OFF' will be displayed in the message center.

5. Automatic Speed Limiter Warning Indicator
The ASL is controlled by the ECM (engine control module). An ASL switch is located in the floor console, adjacent to the JaguarDrive selector. When the ASL switch is pressed, this is sensed by the ECM (engine control module), which issues a high speed CAN (controller area network) message to the instrument cluster. The instrument cluster illuminates the ASL warning indicator in an amber color to show the driver that ASL is active. The driver sets the required speed using the speed control SET +/- switches on the steering wheel. The selected speed is shown by the message ' LIMITER SET XXX MPH / K/MH' in the message center. The indicator is illuminated in an amber color for a 3 seconds indicator check when the ignition is switched on.
ASL can be deselected by pressing the ASL switch, by depressing the throttle pedal initiating kick-down or by pressing the 'cancel' switch on the steering wheel. The ASL indicator will go off and the message center will display the message 'limiter cancelled' for 4 seconds.
If a fault occurs in the ASL system, the ECM (engine control module) will send a message to the instrument cluster to illuminate the ASL indicator and display the message 'LIMITER NOT AVAILABLE'.

6. Adaptive Speed Control Warning Indicator
The adaptive speed control system is controlled by the adaptive speed control module. Operation of the SET +/- switches on the steering wheel will activate the system. Operation of the switches is detected by the adaptive speed control module. The module issues a high speed CAN (controller area network) message to the instrument cluster which illuminates the adaptive speed control indicator, when the system is in 'follow mode', in an amber color and displays a 'SETSPEED XXX MPH / KM/H' message in the message center. The indicator is illuminated in an amber color for a 3 seconds indicator check when the ignition is switched on.

7. Anti-lock Braking System Warning Indicator
The ABS (anti-lock brake system) warning indicator is controlled by the ABS (anti-lock brake system) module. If a fault in the ABS (anti-lock brake system) system is detected by the ABS (anti-lock brake system) module, the module issues a high speed CAN (controller area network) message to the instrument cluster to illuminate the ABS (anti-lock brake system) warning indicator in an amber color and display the message 'ABS FAULT' in the instrument cluster. The indicator is illuminated in an amber color for a 3 seconds indicator check when the ignition is switched on. If a fault is present when the ignition is on the indicator will remain illuminated after the 3 seconds check period.

NOTE:
The 'ABS FAULT' message is not displayed in NAS markets.

NOTE:
If both the ABS (anti-lock brake system) warning indicator and the brake warning indicator illuminate simultaneously, a major fault in the brake system will have occurred.
On all vehicles except NAS, the ABS (anti-lock brake system) warning indicator is also used for parking brake faults. The indicator in these markets illuminates in an amber color and displays a brake symbol without the text 'ABS' in the icon.
On NAS vehicles, the ABS (anti-lock brake system) warning indicator is only used for ABS (anti-lock brake system). The warning indicator has 'ABS' on the icon and will illuminate amber for ABS (anti-lock brake system) faults only.

8. Adaptive Front Light System Warning Indicator
The AFS warning indicator is controlled by the AFS control module. The AFS warning indicator illuminates in an amber color if a fault in the AFS system is detected by the control module. If a fault in another system occurs which prevents AFS operation, the warning indicator will flash. The indicator is illuminated by the instrument cluster on receipt of a high speed CAN (controller area network) message from the AFS control module. The indicator is illuminated in an amber color for a 3 seconds indicator check when the ignition is switched on.

9. Malfunction Indicator Lamp Warning Indicator
The MIL (malfunction indicator lamp) is controlled by the ECM (engine control module) and illuminated by the instrument cluster on receipt of a message on the high speed CAN (controller area network) bus from the ECM (engine control module). The MIL (malfunction indicator lamp) is illuminated in an amber color for a 3 seconds indicator check when the ignition is switched on.
If the MIL (malfunction indicator lamp) remains illuminated after the engine is started or illuminates when driving, a fault is present and must be investigated at the earliest opportunity. Illumination of the MIL (malfunction indicator lamp) alerts the driver to an OBD (on-board diagnostic) fault which will cause excessive emissions output. This may relate to either an engine management system fault or a transmission fault.

10. Tire Pressure Monitoring System Warning Indicator
The TPMS (tire pressure monitoring system) warning indicator is illuminated by the instrument cluster on receipt of a medium speed CAN (controller area network) message from the TPMS (tire pressure monitoring system) module. The indicator is illuminated in an amber color for a 3 seconds indicator check when the ignition is switched on.
If the indicator illuminates and is accompanied by the message 'TIRE PRESSURE SYSTEM FAULT' in the message center, then a TPMS (tire pressure monitoring system) fault has occurred. If the indicator illuminates and accompanied by a different message, then a low tire pressure has been detected, a spare wheel has been fitted or a TPMS (tire pressure monitoring system) sensor has failed.

11. Airbag Warning Indicator
The airbag warning indicator is controlled by the instrument cluster. The indicator is illuminated in an amber color for the 3 seconds indicator check when the ignition is switched on. The indicator remains illuminated after the 3 seconds period has expired until the instrument cluster receives a turn off message on the high speed CAN (controller area network) bus from the RCM (restraints control module).

12. Dynamic Stability Control Warning Indicator
The DSC indicator is controlled by the ABS (anti-lock brake system) module and illuminated by the instrument cluster in response to messages received on the high speed CAN (controller area network) bus. The indicator is illuminated in an amber color for the 3 seconds indicator check when the ignition is switched on.
The DSC indicator is permanently illuminated in an amber color if the instrument cluster receives a high speed CAN (controller area network) message from the ABS (anti-lock brake system) module relating to one of the following faults:
- Traction control fault
- Yaw control fault
- Engine drag torque control fault
- EBA (emergency brake assist) fault
- Signal missing relating to either traction control active, yaw control active or DSC switch input.
The above faults will also generate an applicable DSC and ABS (anti-lock brake system) warning message in the message center.
The DSC warning indicator will flash at 2 Hz if traction control or yaw control is active when the DSC system is enabled.
If the DSC system is switched off, the warning indicator will be permanently illuminated until the DSC system is subsequently re-activated.

13. Safety Belt Warning Indicator
The safety belt warning indicator operates for both the driver and passenger safety belts. The warning indicator is controlled by the RCM (restraints control module) and illuminated by the instrument cluster on receipt of high speed CAN (controller area network) bus messages. The safety belt warning indicator is not subject to the 3 seconds indicator check when the ignition is switched on.
The operation of the passenger safety belt buckle switch is as described below with the exception that the instrument cluster must receive a hardwired signal from the belt minder control module to indicate that a passenger is occupying the seat.
The safety belt warning indicator is subject to a timer. The warning indicator is activated when the following conditions exist:
- Ignition is switched on
- One of the front safety belts is unbuckled
- USA market only - 75 seconds has elapsed after ignition on mode is selected
- Vehicle is not in reverse gear
- Vehicle speed is more than 8 km/h (5 mph).
Once the above parameters are met, the instrument cluster flashes the warning indicator at 2 Hz for 10 seconds accompanied by a simultaneous chime. After 10 seconds the chime ceases and the warning indicator is permanently illuminated for 20 seconds. This sequence is repeated every 30 seconds until one of the following events occurs:
- 300 seconds has elapsed
- The safety belt of the occupied front seats is fastened
- The ignition is switched to off mode
- The vehicle speed decreases to less 5 km/h (3 mph).

NOTE:
On USA market vehicles, the warning indicator is not permanently illuminated.
In certain markets the belt minder function can be enabled and disabled using the driver safety belt switch. For additional information, refer to 501-20A Safety Belt System.

14. Side Lamp Warning Indicator
The instrument cluster controls the green colored side lamp indicator on receipt of a side lamp status message on the medium speed CAN (controller area network) bus from the CJB (central junction box) and the AJB (auxiliary junction box). The lighting switch on the LH (left-hand) steering column multifunction switch is connected to the instrument cluster. Selections using this switch are detected by the cluster which requests the side or headlamp operation via a CAN (controller area network) message to the CJB (central junction box) and the AJB (auxiliary junction box). The CJB (central junction box) and the AJB (auxiliary junction box) responds with a side lamp active message and the cluster illuminates the side lamp indicator. The side lamp indicator is not subject to the 3
seconds indicator check when the ignition is switched on.

15. High Beam Warning Indicator
The instrument cluster controls the blue colored high beam indicator on receipt of a high beam status message on the medium speed CAN (controller area network) bus from the CJB (central junction box). The lighting switch on the LH (left-hand) steering column multifunction switch is connected to the instrument cluster. High beam or flash selections using this switch are detected by the cluster which requests the light operation via a CAN (controller area network) message to the CJB (central junction box). The CJB (central junction box) responds with a high beam active message and the cluster illuminates the high beam indicator. The high beam indicator is not subject to the 3 seconds indicator check when the ignition is switched on.

16. Rear Fog Lamp Warning Indicator
The amber colored rear fog lamp indicator is controlled by the AJB (auxiliary junction box) and illuminated by the instrument cluster on receipt of a rear fog lamp on message on the medium speed CAN (controller area network) bus from the AJB (auxiliary junction box). The indicator is illuminated for as long as the rear fog lamps are active. The rear fog lamp indicator is not subject to the 3 seconds indicator check when the ignition is switched on.

pro multis · About Operation CHARM